84th ICREA Colloquium - Carbon pricing and energy use pathways for staying within 2°C climate change
Speakers: ICREA Research Professors Jeroen van den Bergh and Giorgos Kallis, both from ICTA-UAB
When: 4th of December 2018, 18:00h
Where: ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 6th floor
The ICREA colloquia are a great way to learn about remote fields of research from our best experts. We usually have two speakers, who offer their opinions on the same subject from very different angles. Open to all ICREAs and their guests.
Abstract:
Stopping climate change has turned out to be an immense challenge. Although denial of the problem seems to weaken somewhat, a serious hurdle to a solution is that many scientists and politicians are insufficiently focused on ultimate effectiveness of policies. We quantify the magnitude of the decarbonization challenge and discuss general solution strategies and policy instruments. We then look into the carbon emissions involved in a renewable energy transition, assess the effects of recessions on carbon emissions and discuss the trade-offs between economic growth and reducing carbon emissions. We zoom in on carbon pricing, listing classic and heterodox arguments in favor of it, dealing with effectiveness, efficiency, equity, national and international feasibility, and systemic effects. Complementary instruments and the reasons for their use are mentioned as well. On the basis of this, implications for the policy trajectory after the Paris international climate agreement are formulated.
83rd ICREA Colloquium - Ageing as a treatable condition
Speakers: ICREA Research Professors Pura Muñoz (UPF) and Prof. Manuel Serrano (IRB Barcelona)
When: 9th of October 2018, 18:00h
Where: ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 6th floor
Abstracts:
Pura Muñoz
New approaches to bring back youthfulness to aged stem cells
Aging is a nearly universal process affecting all tissues. Despite its constancy in our lives, aging remains mysterious at a fundamental level. Nevertheless, common hallmarks of aging across different species have been proposed offering an integrated view of the basic mechanisms of aging. Primary hallmarks include cell autonomous changes linked to epigenetic alterations, genomic instability, telomere attrition and loss of proteostasis (protein homeostasis), which are followed by antagonistic responses such us deregulated nutrient sensing, altered mitochondrial function and cellular senescence. Aging hallmarks converge in the exhaustion of stem cells, which provokes tissue regenerative decline. Skeletal muscle provides a stark example of this decline. Its stem cells sustain muscle regeneration throughout life but at advanced age they fail for largely undefined reasons. Several causes for this age-associated stem cell regenerative failure are emerging: decline in proteostatic quality-control mechanisms, metabolic alterations, entry into senescence and changes in the systemic (circulatory) environment. I will review our recent findings on how to improve the regenerative capacity of old stem cells by countering these age-associated alterations, with the ulterior idea that the aging process is malleable and that it is feasible to rejuvenate aged cells and tissues.
Manuel Serrano
Senescence as a new therapeutic target to treat ageing-related diseases
A major advance in the field of ageing research has been the demonstration that senescent cells play a key role in aging and, even more importantly, the discovery of small pharmacological compounds that can kill senescent cells within the organism resulting in improved health. Upon tissue damage or stress, a substantial fraction of cells respond by adopting a cellular state known as “senescence”. Regardless of their initial cell identity, senescent cells share key properties; namely, global chromatin remodelling, robust proliferation blockade, and a massive pro-inflammatory secretome. The initial biological purpose of senescent cells is to orchestrate tissue repair, ultimately leading to their own disposal by the immune system and to their replacement by new, functional cells. This is the favorable, beneficial, face of cellular senescence. However, in certain contexts that are generally associated with chronic damage, degenerative processes, or organismal ageing, tissue repair is inefficient and senescent cells are not cleared. Indeed, senescent cells accumulate in many human pathologies including various fibrotic diseases, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is the detrimental, pathological, face of cellular senescence. Importantly, the last few years have witnessed the identification of small compounds that preferentially kill senescent cells, termed senolytic drugs. Such senolytic treatments in mice show an unprecedented therapeutic effect on the aforementioned diseases including lung fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. I will present our contributions to the understanding of cellular senescence both in tissue repair and in pathological contexts.
The ICREA colloquia are a great way to learn about remote fields of research from our best experts. We usually have two speakers, who offer their opinions on the same subject from very different angles. Open to all ICREAs and their guests.
The 26th International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP2018)
A bunch of extremely bright ICREAs (all of them are extremely bright, really) have organised an extraordinary event: the 26th International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP2018) held in Barcelona from the 16th to the 20th of July. It will count with several Nobel Prize Awardees as participants. You may find all the information about the event here. What’s so special about something that is on its 26th edition anyway, I hear you thinking? Well, this time it’s organised by ICREAs and therefore, they include two events open to a general audience that we can thoroughly recommend. Entrance is free, but registration necessary.
The first one, which has a title almost as long as some people’s names is the Atomic physics has since its early foundations evolved in completely unexpected ways renewing itself and opening stimulating new research directions conference, to be held on Tuesday 24th July at 18:00h. If long titles are not your thing, we’ve got you covered; the next event should be right up your alley: The New International System of Units (SI) to be held on the 26th at 19:30h.
Both are going to be a ton of fun, and children above 14 can also attend and enjoy. So drag bring them along if you can. They’ll thank you later. Much later. Maybe.
Enjoy!
Jam Session
The ICREA Jam Session comes back! We have changed the venue after discovering a little cafe in La Rambla del Raval: Café de les Delícies. They have a decent piano, a cosy room, a well stocked bar, and food if you feel like snacking something. We’ll meet at 19h, and we have the place booked until 22h. The cafe is next to a giant cat by Fernando Botero (who has not been invited).
The event is free and everyone is welcome but there are two restrictions: the place will not take more than 40 people, and we have to buy our own drinks and food (just like last year).
Remember: everyone is encouraged to bring their (portable) musical instruments and we guarantee an unconditionally supportive audience!
