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Shortest light pulse ever created - 19.2 attoseconds.

Biegert, Jens (ICFO)

Experimental Sciences & Mathematics

We have set the world record for the shortest soft X-ray light pulse ever generated: 19.2 attoseconds. This flash is shorter than the atomic unit of time—the “atomic year” that defines how long an electron takes to orbit a hydrogen atom—making it the fastest burst of light produced to date.This breakthrough establishes the fastest experimental camera ever created, capable of directly capturing electron motion at its natural timescale. Electron dynamics underlie chemical reactions, material properties, biological energy transfer, and quantum technologies, yet have remained largely inaccessible to direct observation.By combining advanced laser engineering, high-harmonic generation, and new attosecond metrology, our team achieved element-specific, soft X-ray probing with unprecedented temporal resolution. Building on a decade of pioneering work at ICFO, this result opens a new regime for observing how matter transforms at its most fundamental level.Pushing light beyond a fundamental atomic timescale, this achievement sets a new benchmark for ultrafast science and pushes the frontiers of time-resolved observation to capture how matter behaves and interacts at atomic and subatomic scales. 

Newsbrief of the shortes light pulse generated.

Set up and picture of the helium jet in which the attosecond pulse is generated.

Measurement of the temporal form of the attosecond x-ray pulse with its associated spectrum.


REFERENCE

Ardana-Lamas F, Cousin SL, Lignieres J & Biegert J 2025, 'Brilliant Source of 19.2-Attosecond Soft X-ray Pulses below the Atomic Unit of Time', Ultrafast science, 5 - 0128.